Technology Use in the Mathematics Classroom Essay

Technology Use in the Mathematics Classroom Technology is a growing field that affects every aspect of our everyday lives. When I look at centuries past, I am amazed at the technological advances this country has made. Just during my lifetime, computers, cell phones, digital cameras, and many other devices have become a huge part of everyday life. Not only is technology affecting every day life, but it is also making a huge impact on education, especially within the mathematic field. Computer programs are being created everyday to aid in the understanding of mathematical concepts. Calculators are replacing the pen and paper method of tabulating answers. The question that remains is, â€Å"Are the uses of technology helping or harming†¦show more content†¦I was learning how to use a program called Solid Edge to generate drawings, but before the program was introduced to the class we had to learn to create the drawings by hand. The program made creating the drawing in 3 Dimension a lot easier but if I ever need to create a drawing by hand I have been given the knowledge to do so. My professor tau ght the pen and paper method for creating drawings and then taught us how to use the computer program to create the drawings faster and more precisely. The students in that classroom will be prepared to create drawings with or without the aid of computer programs. The Technology Principle also makes the statement that â€Å"technology enhances mathematic learning.† I agree with this statement and do believe that a lot of programs available today help students visualize math concepts. I, for instance, am awful at visualizing objects in a three-dimensional space, so a program that generates threedimensional objects is very beneficial to me. My concern is that the use of these programs will cause students to rely on technology to solve problems instead of relying on themselves. It seems to me that students might be tempted to say, â€Å"Well the computer program can figure this problem out so I won’t attempt the problem myself,† and this is a problem. I feel that learning math, or any subject, leads to personal growth as an individual because it teaches a person that they can achieve things on their own or with theShow MoreRelated Technology in the Mathematics Classroom Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pages Technology in the Mathematics Classroom In today’s society, technology is advancing at such a rate that on can hardly stay ahead. Technology surrounds every person in civilization. To not use the technology that is readily available would be absurd. The same idea applies to technology in the classroom. Calculators, in particular, are becoming more readily available in the classroom, but technology should not stop there. Many inspiring computers programs, such as Geometer’s Sketchpad, Read More Technology in the Mathematics Classroom Essay688 Words   |  3 PagesTechnology in the Mathematics Classroom While reading the NCTM summary on Technology, it is to my understanding that use of technology is at the teacher’s discretion. Therefore, the teacher is charged with the responsibility of preparing students before venturing into the field of technology. Essentially, students should be able to grasp and understand basic concepts and ideas, before intertwining computers or calculators into a lesson to further explore the concepts in said lesson. WhenRead More Technology in the Classroom Essay example1439 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology in the Classroom Technology is everywhere and used in every part of life. Practically every job uses some form of technology. It is important for students to learn how to use technology in order to function in this technology-based country. But it is also extremely important for students to learn using technology. Technology has the capability of opening all students eyes to a world of mathematics that they never before could have even began to imagine or understand. The U.S DepartmentRead More Math Research Paper1452 Words   |  6 PagesMath Research Paper Since the 1980’s calculator use in the classroom has been a huge controversy between educators (Golden, 2000). It is becoming increasingly common to use calculators in the classroom on a regular basis. Some states allow students to use calculators on standardized tests and as part of the regular curriculum (Dion, 2001). Because we live in such a technologically changing world, hand held calculators have been far surpassed and can be purchased for as low as $4.00 each. ThisRead MoreTeaching Mathematical Problem Solving Math, Technology Education, And Special Education989 Words   |  4 PagesMathematical Problem Solving to Middle School Students in Math, Technology Education, and Special Education Classrooms.RMLE Online: Research in Middle Level Education, 27(1), 1-17. There were two instructional approaches, Enhanced Anchored Instruction (EAI) and text-based instruction (TBI), compared in this study. Both teaching methods were used to teach sixth-grade middle school students how to solve math problems in technology, special education classes and math classrooms.The purpose of thisRead MoreTeaching The Flexible Learning Program1690 Words   |  7 PagesLearning program, which covers 6th, 7th and 8th grade Mathematics. The curriculum is was created by both the district curriculum staff as well as the federal programs department of the school system. The Flexible Learning Program (FLP) focuses on mathematics for grades 6-8 for students who are at the highest risk academically. The program is supplemental to the student’s CCGPS classroom, remedial class and Title I support. The curriculum in the classroom is aligned to the Common Core Georgia PerformanceRead MoreDisadvantages And Disadvantages Of Textbooks1446 Words   |  6 PagesThere are several advantages and disadvantages when it comes to textbooks being used in the classroom. â€Å"As a fundamental resource, textbooks shape the way we teach and learn mathematics†(Kajander, Lovric, 2009, p 173). Textbooks have been used in classrooms for many years, and they have been beneficial to both the teacher and the students. Although textbooks are seen as beneficial they can also be a hindrance to the students. Some advantages of textbooks is that they present several examples, studentsRead MoreUse Of Ipad Into Mathematics Learning And Associated Challenges1618 Words   |  7 PagesCurrently technology occupies an important part of people s lives. This is reality, no one can deny it at all, and it is the same for modern education. Modern gadgets are no stranger to it. For example the iPad, which is embedded in the educational system in many developed countries is considered a smart technological device that has changed teaching and learning. Its success has been t ransforming the traditional classroom into a place to work and interact with the real world. Currently, with digitalRead MoreSMART Boards to Build Math Skills Essay1133 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding of mathematics requires an early foundation based on a high quality, challenging, and accessible mathematics education (NCTM, 2013). An engaging and encouraging learning environment helps children develop confidence in their ability to understand and use mathematics. However, math proves to be a difficult subject for many students. In a world filled with technology, it has become increasingly important to incorporate technology based-teaching in the classroom. As new technologies enter theRead MoreMy Philosophy On The Philosophy Of Education844 Words   |  4 PagesIn mathematics, as in life, everything must be brought to the simplest of terms. I base my teaching philosophy on the foundation that every student is capable of learning mathematics. I will strive, as a teacher, to ensure that my students are able to have a strong foundation of mathematical skills when they leave my classroom. Some students believe that they are not mathematically gifted; therefore, incapable of learning mathematics. I believe to the contrary, all students with motivation, sustained

Building And Maintain A Cyber Operations Force - 1394 Words

Strategic Goals Build and maintain a cyber operations force: The Department of Defense requires personnel to be trained to the highest standards and have the highest quality technology available to them in order to operate effectively. To this end the Department of Defense initiated the Cyber Mission Force in 2013 (â€Å"Department of Defense Cyber Strategy,† 2015). The Cyber Mission Force is 133 cyber teams: 68 Cyber Protection teams focused on defending the network, 13 National Mission teams to defend critical national infrastructure, 27 Combat Mission teams assisting combat commanders in planning and strategy, 25 Support Teams to support the National Mission and Combat Mission teams. Of the 40 completed teams, 80 percent are members of the military, the remaining 20 being civilian, and the teams average age is 24 (Pomerleau, 2016). With the current push to expand cyber security in the private sector, there is major concern with the Cyber Mission Force being able to complete and retain its staffing with all the range of skills required while the private sector offers more competitive wages (Schmidt, 2015). Prepare and Defend DoD info network, data, mitigate damage As it is not possible to defend against everything everywhere, the Department of Defense must identify, prioritize, and defend its most important networks, including in a degraded or disrupted environment in the event of a successful attack (â€Å"Department of Defense Cyber Strategy,† 2015). One of the steps expected isShow MoreRelatedStrategic Direction On The United States1647 Words   |  7 Pagesrebalance the Joint Force in 2025 unless sequestration is reversed. The current U.S. strategic direction has prompted a shift of military resources to the Asia-Pacific. Globalization, cyber-attacks and advances in technology will further challenge the Joint Forces in the next ten years. It is imperative that the U.S. Joint Forces be adequately funded in order to identify and develop critical technology, establish policies and maintain adequate force structure to rebalance the Joint Force in 2025. DiminishingRead MoreStrategic Strategy And Policy Objectives1543 Words   |  7 Pagesrelationship with China by promoting openness, communicating our values, encouraging transparency, and reducing the potential for miscalculation and misunderstanding of intentions while concurrently dissuading and deterring China from using force or the threat of force against others. PACOM must focus on diplomacy, information, military, and economic means as a way to achieve these ends. The first tool of national power PACOM may use to achieve these ends is diplomacy. Diplomacy is not wholly ownedRead MoreThe National Security Strategy Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesnational security by increasing advisory roles, rotational presence, and exercises. Complimenting both, the Quadrennial Defense Review, published in 2010, set two overarching objectives: rebalance of US forces to meet current and future wars; and refine processes in order to support the US armed forces, buy only weapons that are necessary, and ensure responsible use of money. Finally, the National Military Strategy, published in 2011, explicitly states, â€Å"Let us not forget, the Nation remains at warRead MoreCase Analysis : Commander Sabater1467 Words   |  6 Pagesprevalent within the Forward Deployed Naval Forces (FDNF) from 21 August 2013 to 30 September 2016. He is in-charge of 50 personnel, operating and maintains all information-related activities in Southern Mainland Japan. As Commander, Task Unit 1010.7.6, his team consistently achieved excellence. His base communications manager was a recipient of the 2015 Copernicus award and his Senior Sailor of the Year was a finalist in the Fiscal Year 2015 Fleet Cyber Command Senior Sailor of the Year competitionRead MoreRelationship Between The United States And The Peoples Republic Of China1671 Words   |  7 Pagesconstructively engage China, while dissuading and deterring China from using force or the threat of force against others. According to President Obama in the 2015 National Security Strategy, the scope of our cooperation with China is unprecedented, even as we remain alert to China’s military modernization. The evolving security environment in the PACOM area of responsibility is initiating the shift of our focus and forces to the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. Over the next 5 years, nearly half of allRead MoreNational Strategic Guidance And The Global Security Environment1605 Words   |  7 Pagesjust doesn’t happen necessitating the United States military to maintain the decisive edge. Dempsey’s statement is the catalyst for the premise of Joint Force 2025 in which the United States military embarks upon a transition and rebalance to address a wide continuum of emerging threats to our nation’s national interests in the foreseeable future. Dempsey correctly states that adaptation and innovation are essential to the Joint Force 2025 as ‘we have to out-learn and out-think o ur adversaries.’ Read MoreWhy Is It Important That Organizations Of All Sizes Invest1700 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom the disclosure of private information, loss of credibility and reputation. According to the 2013 Internet Crime Report, over 250,000 complaints were received via the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) website. The IC3 is a multi-agency task force made up by the FBI, the National White Collar Crime Center (NW3C), and the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA). (IC3) To start, we first need to define what cybersecurity is, then identify the types of threats and vulnerabilities. What countermeasuresRead MoreThe Threat Of The Cyber Threat1958 Words   |  8 Pagespercentage of the civilized world, few Americans realize how vital cyberspace is to our national infrastructure. Today, we are faced with even more threats although it has been a recognized problem since 2009, when President Barrack Obama said â€Å"The cyber threat is one of the most serious economic and national security challenges we face as a nation. It’s also clear that we’re not as prepared as we should be, as a government or as a country (Obama, 2009).† Every industry that operates in the UnitedRead MoreBusiness Continuity And Disaster Recovery Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery (BCDR or BC/DR) are firmly related practices that portray an association’s arrangement for unanticipated dangers to proceeded with operations. The pattern of consolidating business coherence and calamity recuperation into a solitary term has come about because of a developing acknowledgement that both business officials and innovation administrators should work together nearly as opposed to creating plans in segregation. Business Continuity andRead MoreStrategic Direction And Global Security Environment1648 Words   |  7 PagesJoint Force 2025 must be capable of addressing emerging threats by conducting globally integrated operations across all domains in support of the elements of national power. Therefore, the Department of Defense (DOD) needs to rebalance and transition several general capabilities in order for Joint Force 2025 to address emerging threats to U.S. national interests. The services must invest in systems that mainta in strategic deterrence, infrastructure that supports power projection and operational

Poem Still I Rise by Maya Angelou Free Essays

To read and understand the literature, it must be read slowly and using all the senses in it. Literature could teach us several things to understand life and their situations. The purpose of this writing is to discuss a literary work through a personal experience. We will write a custom essay sample on Poem Still I Rise by Maya Angelou or any similar topic only for you Order Now The poem that will be discussed in this essay will be â€Å"Still I Rise† by Maya Angelou. This is her famous poem ever known. This author is a very good writer, I am reading her poems for the first time and I liked her poems so much. This poem suggests that we can overcome difficulties in life, despite rejections and injustice. It also discusses racism and all the problems black people could have because of the discrimination and all the things that involve racism. It is a call for the blacks to be proud of their origin. The black person (the author), seems liberated from her color. This poem also tells to us the importance of being strong in front of the worst circumstances. And no matter the situation, you can overcome and learn from it. In this case, the author exposes the racism in the time of slavery. The poem has a very positive tone. Also, it is written for all type of people, I mean that anyone could read it and would understand its purpose very easily and quickly. The author says that no matter what, she will still rise. This poem has a lot of feelings; you can feel it when you are reading it. I think that the author had a painful past to have written this poem. Also, it is written for all type of people, I mean that anyone could read it and would understand its purpose very easily and quickly. You may shoot me with your words, you may cut me with your eyes, you may kill me with your hatefulness, but still, like air, I’ll rise. † Maya Angelou in this verse openly shows the white people discrimination towards black. Everyone has had a moment of discrimination in life, where we have spent many negative things. I have being identified personally with the author. Although I was not present at the time of slavery, I have been a victim of much other discrimination. I have been a victim of many other negative things that I have passed. About a year and a half ago, I lost my boyfriend because of a chronic disease. Now, my dad has the same disease and that makes me feel very sad, because I’m living the same situation. It is a very difficult situation, because I am reviving all the things that I passed along his disease. But I have been overcoming and willing all of it with my Lords help. Sometimes, we feel that we can’t live with a very strong emotional charge. That is when we have to be reborn and rise as the author says in her poem. We have to rise and overcome all the problems and situations in our life even worse than the most. In conclusion, life is not easy as it seems. Life is full of obstacles and setbacks that we couldn’t avoid because fate wants it that way. I think that people have always to believe in themselves and don’t let other people to put them down. As the author, Maya Angelou has rise despite all the bad and painful that ever happened her life. We need to learn from this poem and take example. I think it’s a very good poem to enhance and analyze the meaning of life and our purpose in it. How to cite Poem Still I Rise by Maya Angelou, Papers

Concierge and Organizer Services Sample for Students-Myassignment

Question: Write a Report on Concierge and Organiser Services. Answer: Background to the problem In todays fast paced world each and every individual is struggling hard to deal with the busy work schedule and running towards earning money for a better quality of living. In between all this chaos, there are various workplace as well as household duties and responsibilities are neglected. Time has been a major constraint in and to solve this problem the concept of concierge services are introduced in present scenario. A concierge is a professional who completes the daily chores on the behalf of an individual who has no time for that due to some other important commitments. The main aim of hiring a concierge is to outsource personal work so that an individual can utilise their time productively in some other work. The demand for concierge services are increasing because due to lack of time the individuals accumulate a lot of work which can easily be done by the concierge by taking professional fees which is much less than the time and energy consumed. A personal concierge can do grocery shopping to organize work files very efficiently and this has simplified the lives of many people and gave them benefit of convenience. By observing the demand of a concierge, a concierge and organiser services was launched in 2007. It aims to cater the needs of the individuals by providing them customised services. Due to their high quality personalized concierge services they have made some loyal clients which ensure them profits into the industry. Defining the problem The concierge services is a promising field in coming times but presently the organization is dealing with some issues in operating their business. Though the organization has been in concierge services since 2007 but they are unable to make a strong presence in the market. The growth and the sales are not increasing much and the major part of the profits comes from the loyal customers. The concept of concierge services is not very common very people and some have never heard of it, which may affect the business sustainability in during tough economic times. The demand for concierge services are increasing in the developed countries but it is still a relatively new concept in developing or small countries. There are lot of wrong perception regarding the concept of concierge services in the minds of people. Concierge services are often confused by a servant or a maid who comes daily to household chores. But a concierge is much more than that. They are highly professional individuals who are an expert in managing and organizing the tasks of an individual. Also the fee charged for the services are perceived relatively high in comparison to the same work done by the maid or a servant. The client base of the business is limited to only women. Womens have captured the majority of the clients share at 90%. This stereotype can deeply affect the growth of the business as the males will perceive concierge services as women oriented and they may not be interested in availing the services of a concierge. SWOT analysis of Concierge and organiser services Strengths: Highly professional staff which can efficiently fulfil the tasks and responsibilities of the customers. As they are incorporated in the year 2007 as a result they have a strong market presence and limited competition in this market segment. Also the loyal customer base will ensure stable returns from the business. The organization also has cost advantage as there are not much competitors. They are also following CSR activities such as doing charity and donating for a good cause. This creates a strong public image in the society. Weaknesses: The major weakness is that the company is unable to mark a strong presence in the market. There is no strong PR strategy to involve new clients in the business which is restricting the growth of the business. Majority of clients are female which is creating a hindrance in reaching to the male audience. Opportunities: Many organizations provide concierge services as a part of their pay package to their employees. The company can approach some organizations for a tie-up; this will not only increase the customer base but also give an opportunity to target other organizations. Online presence of the concierge services is also a good option as it will reduce the operating cost of the business. Threats: In coming times the demand for concierge services will increase and this will attract number of new competitors. Also the perception about the concierge services in the minds of people may affect the business.

A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essays

A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essays A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essay A Narrative Report on the Mass Training for Grade Essay Essay The K-12 Curriculum for the Grade 3 instructors was so a really successful one. The preparation was started with smiling faces shown by each participant. This is a manifestation that the Grade 3 instructors are willing and of all time ready to encompass the mission tasked by God ; and that is to implement to the full the K-12 Curriculum with your heads. Black Marias. and souls. The Mass Training for GRADE 3 instructors on the Basic Education Curriculum started on May 18. 2014 in the afternoon. Delegates from the different schools in the Division of Tuguegarao City were made to register before the start of the Sessionss. After which. an opening plan was started with a supplication led by Mrs. Juliet B. Alan. Master Teacher 1. followed by the vocalizing of the national anthem with Mrs. Liezel Santos. Master Teacher 1. conducting. An gap plan started the one-week long preparation. Dr. Benito Alipio. the Asst. Schools Division Superintendent of the division gave his gap comments and he emphasized that a 20 -first century instructors must larn. unlearn and relearn the accomplishments needed to bring forth a 21st century scholars who are equipped with twenty-first century accomplishments such as information media and engineering accomplishments. larning an invention accomplishments. communicating accomplishments and life calling accomplishments. Dr. Gilbert N. Tong. the Schools Division Superintendent. CESO VI. gave besides his inspirational message. He truly inspired us. instructors. to make our portion in developing a twenty-first century scholars who are developed with equal cognition and accomplishments that readily interpret into public presentation. Dr. Rommel Costales. the Education Program Supervisor in Filipino. discussed about the K to 12 Curriculum. He introduced the Secretary’s message on K to 12 Updates and he farther emphasized on some of import issues sing the course of study. Mrs. Vilma Darisan. Principal II. of Tagga-Dadda Elementary Schools. was the last talker and she talked about the â€Å"Assessment† . She discussed comprehensively her subject. We ended the Day 0 full of enthusiasm. Day 1 started with a simple plan led by Northeast District. It was started with a supplication so followed by the vocalizing of the national anthem. The delegates in every territory introduced themselves with their ain originative manner of presentation that made the session gratifying. Dr. Janette M. Dulin. Principal IV of Linao Elementary Schools. lectured on the â€Å"Grade Three Learners. † She gave us enlightening talk which made us clearer understanding on the features of class III 21st. century scholars. The participants performed different activities during her talk. After her talk. she sub-divided the whole group into 2. Each group went on their several assignments. Class A started their session on â€Å"Leveling of Expectations† done by Mrs. Lou Marie Miguel. Principal II of Larion Alto. She gave accent on the expected attitudes that each participants must possess. On the other group. Class B. was led by Mrs. Liezel Santos and disused the same subject. Mrs. Juliet B. Alan. Master Teacher I of Annafunan Elementary School. lectured comprehensively about the Araling Panlipunan topic. The participants actively participated on the different activities during her session with them. Mrs. Eleanor Cacacho and Mrs. Zenaida Rivamora. EPS I in Science and Social Studies. with Dr. Rommel Costales. EPS II in Filipino witnessed her talk. Mrs. Lou Marie Miguel. Principal II of Larion Alto. lectured the Science topic. She truly gave us a significant talk. Mrs. Analyn Quilang. Principal II of Pengue Ruyu. tackled on the â€Å"Edukasyon SA Pagpapakatao. † She delivered besides her talk with enthusiasm. On Day 2. Class A had their MTB with Dr. Janette Dulin as the first talker while on Class B. Mrs. Catalon. lectured on Music. Both talkers delivered their subject energetically and well. On the same twenty-four hours. Mrs. Evangeline Palejo. tackled about the English topic in Class A while Mrs. Analyn Quilang lectured on ESP in Class B with the presence of Dr. Norma Guillermo. Chief Education Program Supervisor in Elementary Division. Dr. Guillermo felt happy with the positive feedbacks she received on the public presentations of the trainers every bit good as the participants. Day 3 ( May 21. 2014 ) . the session was chaired by the participants of the West District. Same preliminary activities were made to get down the day’s session. The first lector was Dr. Janette Dulin. She continued her subject sing the MTB in Class A intelligently as manifested with the active engagement of the trainees. On the same clip. Mrs. Vilma Darisan presented her subject in Math. She discussed her subject enthusiastically in Class B. The trainees listened and focused themselves intently during her treatment. After which. Mrs. Catalon. and Mrs Vilma Darisan lectured on Music and Mathematics in Class A and B severally. With their expertness in showing their topics. they and the trainees enjoyed together their Sessionss. Liezel Trumata. the trainer in Health. so followed by Mrs. Juliet Alan who tackled about the Araling Panlipunan in Class B besides discussed their subjects intelligently. On the 4th twenty-four hours ( May 22. 2014 ) . the first lectors are Mrs. Liezel Trumata and Mr. J. Attaban who taught Health and P. E. severally in Class A and B. Luckily. Mrs. Santos. was observed by Dr. Venturada Durian and Mr. Gayagoy both DepEd functionaries in the division while Mrs. Evangeline Palejo discussed her subject in English in Class B. Presentation instruction was done right after the last trainers had done their talks and it was done in the afternoon and continued on the 5th twenty-four hours. The undermentioned presentation instructors were ; Mrs. Emily Guiquing. MTB. Mrs. Emma Calimag. Math. Mrs. Norolaine Cabalos. Araling Panlipunan. Mrs. Salvacion Cabalza. Science. and Mrs. Jane Carino. P. E. All the presentation instructors performed good and showed their ain originative manner in learning their capable affairs. The students were antiphonal and actively participated in the different activities tasked by the instructors. After the demo-teaching. a critiquing was made to the instructors with their several trainers. The preparation was completed when Dr. Rommel Costales. Education Supervisor II in Filipino. the last lector. presented his subject about the ‘Commitment Building. ’ He elaborated further his subject by inquiring the trainees to observe down four cardinal words about their propensities on the K to 12 Curriculum with the usage of a paper aeroplane. Everyone enjoyed much the activity. He farther strengthened the propensities of the participants through a picture clips about a teacher-learner relationships which touched the Black Marias of each participants. As we went through twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours with this preparation. we were enriched and enlightened with the new penetrations and constructs that were needed to accomplish the Goal of the K-12 Curriculum and that is to go the twenty-first Century instructors bring forthing battalion twenty-first Century scholars – the hope of the hereafter coevals that could assist our section. the Department of Education. be the topmost bureau in our state and do our state imperfect. globally competitory and at par with other states. The preparation ended with a simple shutting plan but wit h full luggage of larning on the portion of the trainees every bit good as the trainers.

Song Lyrics and Standard English

Song Lyrics and Standard English Song Lyrics and Standard English Song Lyrics and Standard English By Maeve Maddox According to a story in the NY Times, researchers from the University of Pittsburgh studied the 279 most popular songs from 2005 looking for references to drugs and alcohol. I’d like to see a study that tracks the repetition rate of nonstandard English in popular music. The Pennsylvania study found that some genres mention drugs and alcohol more than others. From my own cursory and unscientific survey, I conclude that nonstandard English is well represented across genres. (My observations are based on lyrics from songs mentioned in lists like the Top 40. There may be some better ones somewhere.) Song lyrics have more power to influence the language of young people now than they did in earlier generations. When I was growing up, I listened to songs on the radio at home, not while I was at school or walking around town. I had a record player and a small collection of records. My total listening time probably didn’t amount to more than two or three hours a week. Today’s adolescents spend an average of 16 hours a week listening to music. Nine out of ten in this age group have an MP3 player or a CD player in their rooms, and I’d guess that a great many younger children have them as well. Most American high schools operate on a 36-week schedule. Class sessions vary in length from 45 to 55 minutes. At best, a student never absent will receive about four and a half hours of English instruction a week for 36 weeks of the year; compare that to 16 hours of music consumption a week every week of the year: English instruction = 162 hours per year Music listening = 832 hours per year During those 832 hours, young music fans hear thousands upon thousands of repetitions of such constructions as: I feel the magic between you and I. –Eric Carmen When you cheated girl, my heart bleeded girl. – Justin Timberlake Can we conversate? –Young Rant/Shorty B. Can You handle me the way I are? –Timbaland Far too many stars have fell on me. –Dan Fogelberg As time goes by, you will get to know me a little more better. –Backstreet Boys The way my body feel/When you’re laying right beside me. –Sevyn Streeter Me and you are supose to be together. –Ashley Tisdale A blogger at the music site Hooks Harmony gives the crown for bad grammar to Beyoncà ©. Peter Lee’s article about â€Å"Get Me Bodied,† together with his translation of the song into standard English, is one of the funniest language laments I’ve ever read. The poor man gives it his best shot, but finally gives up: â€Å"I can’t finish this. I feel like I just translated the last half of Flowers for Algernon.† No one expects popular song lyrics to be written in formal English. The golden oldies had their share of gonnas, wannas, ain’ts and double negatives. But none of the songs from the 1940s, 1950s, or 1960s that I browsed while writing this post exhibit the vulgarity and verbal poverty of the lyrics of recent popular music. Efforts at school reform notwithstanding, the most competent English teachers in the world cannot compete with the steady indoctrination in vacuous and nonstandard English that goes on outside the classroom. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†Grammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesHow Do You Pronounce "Mozart"?

The debate about a woman's appearance and sexuality Essay

The debate about a woman's appearance and sexuality - Essay Example However, sexualizing the woman imagery has led to increased immorality. Speaker 1: I totally differ with based on your support for sexualized imagery of women in popular culture. Portrayals of women in modern media are becoming hyper-sexualized, and this has such daunting repercussions as escalated legitimization of violence against women, increased sexual harassment as well as increased anti-women attitudes amongst males (American Psychological Association (APA) Task Force, 2007). In addition, increased body dissatisfaction and eating disorders among males and females as well as reduced sexual satisfaction among men and women. Speaker 2: I do agree with your assertions on the consequence attached to sexualized depiction of women in the modern culture. However, my contention is on the notion that there is something wrong with sexualized imagery of women since to me I only see this as a representation of power. Right? Speaker 1: Hmmm. Let me help uncover something that you seem to be missing. As discovered by a study by University at Buffalo, sociologist unearthed that depiction of women in the popular media has even been pornified. Speaker 1: Let me try to accommodate your viewpoint. However, I will draw your attention to Hatton’s quote on the findings of the research at the University at Buffalo.† We don’t necessarily think it’s problematic for women to be portrayed as sexy. But we do think it is problematic when nearly all images of women depict them not simply as sexy women but as passive objects for someone else’ sexual pleasure.’ Speaker: According to my understanding of Hatton’s assertion is that, depiction is not the issue but the issues lies with the audience. It is the audience own evaluation of the imageries as objects for sex; however portrayal is not bad. Speaker 1: The concern arises from the representation. The consequential damage is attached to those portraying

Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Methodology - Essay Example With the phenomenological approach the focus is on â€Å"understanding the human behaviour from the participant’s own frame of reference† (Collis & Hussey, 2003, p. 53). As this approach is related to an event within a context of time and place, the aim is to investigate an event by carrying out your own research to â€Å"construct new theory to explain the phenomenon† (Collis & Hussey, 2003, pp. 56-57) or use existing theory. The aim and focus with this approach is â€Å"on the quality and depth of data† (Collis & Hussey, 2003, pp. 56-57). With the positivistic paradigm, the emphasis is on using measurement to find out the relationships between facts and causes of the phenomenon. This is â€Å"an essential element of the research process under this paradigm† (Collis & Hussey, 2003, p. 57). This approach is useful when there is a need to conduct statistical analysis (Collis & Hussey, 2003, p. 56). A positivistic approach will be used and the researcher will be independent, will not be influenced by the subject of research, and will take â€Å"the role of an objective analyst† (Saunders & Lewis & Thornhill, 2000, p. 85). According to Denzin & Lincoln (cited in Silverman 2005), â€Å"qualitative investigators think they can get closer to the actor’s perspective through detailed interviewing and observation† (p. 10). With qualitative researchers, the emphasis is on the close relationship between the subject of research and the researcher where the value is in the social reality and the meaning of the social event or phenomenon. However, in comparison, quantitative researchers focus on the measurement and analysis of facts and causes. The qualitative approach relies on the quality and depth of data and does not focus on the â€Å"measured (if measured at all) in terms of quantity, amount, intensity, or frequency† (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000, p. 8). In addition, as Waters

Operation Managerment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Operation Managerment - Essay Example Customer analyze employer in detail and hope that they build up excellent organizers at the entire levels, constantly engender confidence by open, sincere and apparent behavior, genuinely engross workers in decision-making and offer continuous advice, allow for collective exchanges in the place of occupation as long as intentions are conveyed, provide resourceful HR methods, willing to accept sundry and varying conditions and confer first choice to figure out and congregate customer needs (Cho and Park, 2003). I might prefer to be employed in Marketing Research field as it offers broad range of information used to classify and describe marketing issues; engender, treat, and appraise marketing events; supervise marketing performance; and advance understanding of marketing trends and methods. Due to the assimilation and alignment of the methods the organizations now meet their user needs splendidly.

The Theories Of Motivation Psychology Essay

The Theories Of Motivation Psychology Essay Motivation can be defined as giving a reason, incentive, enthusiasm or interest that causes a person to adopt a specific action or behavior. A simple example could be that our act of eating is motivated by hunger. We can classify motivation into two main types: Intrinsic motivation: when people do something for pleasure, importance or desire (internal) Extrinsic motivation: when external factors motivate a person to adopt a certain act or behavior(external) (Lionel, 1994) Theories of motivation: Incentive theory: A tangible or an intangible reward is given after the occurrence of an action/behavior with the intention of causing the behavior/action to occur again. Some studies show that if the reward is given quickly, the effect is greater than if the incentive is given after increased passage of time. This repetitive action-reward combination makes the specific behavior a habit.(Robert, 1995) This theory is promoted by many famous behavioral psychologists such as B.F.Skinner and emphasizes that if actions are positively received, people are more likely to carry them on again and again while if they are negatively received, people avoid carrying out those acts/behaviors again. Incentive theory differentiates itself from other theories such as drive theory in terms of behaviorism in such a way that it involves positive reinforcement i.e the act is reinforced to make the person happy and encourage him to carry it on again for example a person knows that eating food or drinking water will make him satisfied and happy, while in the drive theory, use of negative reinforcement is made i.e the stimulus has been associated with the removal of the punishment for example a person knows that when he will consume food if he is hungry, it will eliminate the negative feeling of hunger.(Wilson,1992) In simpler words, incentive theory suggests that people are motivated to do things because of external rewards. Behavioral concepts such as association and reinforcement play an important role in this theory of motivation.(Wilson, 1992) Drive reduction theory: This theory emphasizes that people have certain biological needs or drives (example hunger, sleep and sex) and as the time passes, the strength of the desire increases if it is not fulfilled or satisfied. Upon satisfying the drive, the strength is reduced and the organism returns to a state of homeostasis. In simpler words, people are motivated to carry out some actions in order to reduce the internal tension caused by unmet needs. An example of application of this theory is that when you drink a glass of water to reduce the internal state of thirst. Another example is if we were hot, we would seek for a shade, this seeking for shade and drinking glass of water is an example of drive reducing behavior. The problem however, faced with this theory is that the drives are not always, purely motivated by physiological needs. For example, a person may smell freshly baked bread and want to eat it although he has already done his breakfast little time ago. In this case the drive hunger is not motivating him to do this action but he is just eating the bread because he is attracted to the smell and he knows that a freshly baked bread tastes very good.(Lepper, 1995) Maslows theory of hierarchy of motives: Maslow emphasized that once our basic needs, which ensure our survival are met, our attention is diverted to our relationship with others, self esteem and fulfilling personal potential. (Maslow, 1970) Physiological needs are the first needs (hunger, sex etc) that need to be satisfied. Safety needs are listed as second needs and these mainly mean the feelings of security that the world is a safe placefor an individual to live. Belongingness and love needs are listed as third most important need which refer to being loved by others and accepted so that the individual can also give love to others. Esteem need is the fourth most important need. This means that a person has feelings of his self esteem which can be achieved through receiving respect from other people and recognition. Self actualization refers to reaching ones own unique potential. The final need is to find a meaning in the world beyond ones self or self transcendence.(Whyte, 1980) This hierarchy of needs is drawn in a shape of pyramid with the most important need starting from the bottom: Arousal theory of motivation: This theory suggests that people carry out some specific actions in order to increase or decrease their levels of arousal. More clearly we can say, that this theory motivates us in order to maintain our arousal level at an optimum point, not below it, not higher. A clear example of application of this theory could be when the arousal levels gets below the optimum point, the person may go to watch a movie or go for a jog. This is likely to boost up his arousal level. Similarly, if the arousal level gets high, the person is likely to seek ways in which he can bring it down, i.e ways that make him relax such as meditating or reading a book.in monkeys, curiosity motivates them how to open a latch door or a window. (butler, 1954). This theory is very popular both in the field of psychology or physiology. It was originated by Lindsley. According to him, too little stimulation can cause a person to get bored while too high level of stimulation can cause anxiety, which results in sensation seeking. Such sensation seekers are more impulsive and likely to participate in risky behavior. Impulsivity refers to inability of a person to judge the consequences of a risky action he is going to perform. Such impulsive people might not be able to correctly process cognitive information.(lynam and miller, 2004) Instinct theory of motivation: In accordance with this theory, people behave in specific way because they are evolutionarily programmed to. People do not actually learn to behave like that, it is an inborn behavior. A clear example of such a behavior is the migrations that occur in animals world.(forbes,2011) William james created a list of instincts which included: Modesty love Attatchement Play Fear Anger Shyness However, the main problems faced by this theory were that it did not explain behavior, but just described. It described the effect of genetics and heresity on human behavior. Most of our behaviors are not unlearned and thus, these instincts are not likely to motivate us. According to Sigmund freud, human behavior is driven by two biological instincts: eros and thenatos, the life instinct and the death instinct respectively. The life instinct includes sexual motivation, the death instinct includes aggression motivation. He suggested that people should handle these aggressive instincts carefully and non-violently by engaging in competitive activities.(steven,2002) William mcdougal also pioneered an instinct theory, in his theory, instincts compose of three parts; perception, behavior and emotion. Humans have perceptual predisposition to focus on stimuli that are important to his goals. Humans have the drive and energy called the emotional core between perception of the goal and the movement towards it. Mcdougal listed 17 instincts including: Hunger Rejection of particular substances Curiosity Escape Pugnacity Sex Maternal/paternal instinct Gregariousness Self-assertion Submission Construction Acquisition Crying Laughter Comfort Rest Migration (steven,2002) Cognitive evaluation theory: This theory suggests that there are actually two types of motivation; intrinsic and extrinsic which correspond to two types of motivators: Intrinsic motivators; that come from actual performance of the task e.g achievement, responsibility and competence Extrinsic motivators; that come from a persons environment or controlled by others e.g pay, promotion, feedback and working conditions. Any of these could be a more power motivator for an individual.(Lepper,1995) Intrinsically motivated people perform mainly for their own satisfaction and achievement.if they start to believe that they are working for pay or work conditions or for any other extrinsic reason, they begin to lose motivation. It emphasizes that powerful extrinsic motivators can decrease a persons intrinsic motivation, especially if the extrinsic motivators are believed to be controlled by others by the individual.(Lepper, 1995) Hezbergs two factor theory: According to hezberg, two kinds of factors are likely to affect motivation, and they do it in different ways: Hygiene factors: if these are absent, an individual is motivated. However, their presence has no perceived effect. These are the things that when u take away from a person, he gets dissatisfied and tries to take them back. Examples include decent working conditions, pay, security, company policies and interpersonal relationships. Motivators: these are factors whose presence motivates. Their absence does not cause dissatisfaction but just fails to motivate people. We can say that hygiene factors cause dissatisfaction while motivators cause satisfaction. The two scales are independent and one can be high on either or both.(Piers, 2007) MEASUREMENT OF MOTIVATION Measurement of motivation can be classified into two types: Measurement of social drives Measurement of biological drives (Chavajay, 2002) Measurement of social drives can be done through the following ways: Personality questionnaire Projective techniques Situational tests Observation Interviews 1-personaity questionnaire: in these questionnares, subjects are asked as to how will they respond to certain situations or conditions. Various tests are used in these questionnares such as interest inventory, Minnesota multiphase personality inventory and California psychological inventory. (Chavajay,2002) 2-projective techniques: these present simple and ambiguous stimuli that allow the subject to respond with projection of both sexes in their personality. These tests are conducted by showing abstract pictures, writing stories to subjects and include other tests like Rorschach inkblot test and Thematic Apperception Test. Psychologists have experienced that these tests can provide valuable insight into ones personality. However, it is easy to misinterpret the responses and an inexperienced tester can misuse the information that is collected. Projective tests are also known as objective tests. 3-situational tests: social drive or affiliation can be measured by giving a person choice between waiting in a need to achieve or the need to affiliate with others such as drives for works, compliance drives, social approval drives, self actualization drives. 4-observation: observation can be defined as watching an individuals behavior over a period of time. It can be done in natural environment or in clinical settings. Through observation, psychologists also try to know about behavioral problems. 5-interviews: its a way to gather information face to face from the person who is being evaluated. A successive interview is that in which the interviewee is made to talk openly about his feelings, drives and experiences.(Chavajay,2002) Measurement of biological drives can be done through following ways: Speed of learning of individual Preferences shown by an individual when given choices between more than one goal Rate of response of an individual Amount of obstruction required to prevent the animal from reaching a goal Action of nervous system Amplitude of a response Gross motor activity of an individual The stimuli presented can be varied and can be internal or external. (Chavajay, 2002) LISTS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MOTIVES Primary motives are also known as biological moitves have a definite physiological basis and are biologically important for an individuals survival. These arouse the behavior of an organism in directions that lead to a change in the internal environment. Sources of biological motivational needs include increase/decrease simulation, activate senses, decrease hunger, thirst, discomfort and maintaining homeostasis, balance. (Harter, 2011) The primary motives consist of: Hunger Thirst Pain Sexual drive Air or need for respiration Fatigue Sleep Maternal drive Secondary motives are individualistic in nature as they are related to self esteem, self exhibition, self security, self freedom and self assertion. These are also known as psychological motives and are very important in the development of an individuals behavior and personality.(Harter, 2011) The secondary motives include: Need for affiliation Need for approval Need for achievement Need for security Curiosity motive Competence motive Power motive Aggression motive Self actualization (Harter, 2011)

Essay --

Microbe Bug Report Candida albicans: Friend or Foe INTRODUCTION. Our bodies are made up of billions of living microorganisms. Most of these microorganisms are extremely beneficial for our health and actually contribute to our survival. However, if imbalances occur within, our naturally helpful microbes then they can become â€Å"invaders and literal harmful. I will examine Candia albicans and its important role in the body and the consequence of their imbalance. RESEARCH & CLASSIFICATION. The genus Candia is a yeast group that has approximately 150 species that belong to the eukaryote domain. The cell structure is nearly identical to that of a human cell. Candida albicans is a diploid organism with eight sets of homologous chromosomes and a genome size of about 32 Mb. It is a dynamic organelle with cell walls composed of glucan and chitin. Various proteins also exist in the cell walls and can be modified by glycosylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Enzyme secretion occurs with substrates both within the cell and in the external environment. They are gram-positive; colonizing within 3 days and have a soft, moist, and yellowish-cream appearance that form 10 to 12 microns in diameter. Candida albicans fungus reproduces sexually and asexually in hyphal form in which they split into fragments and create new yeast-like forms (mycelia), and the other by budding and forming an ellipsoidal bud. ETIOLOGY & EPIDERMIOLOGY. Candia albicans is an endogenous organism that grows as a diploid fungus and is present in 40-80 % of human beings. It lives in our digestive tract and contributes to the population of our gut microbe by providing nutrients to our friendly gut bacterium. When the balance of C. albicans is at a healthy low ... ...roduce stable electrically conductive bio-nano-composite tissue materials that have been used as temperature sensing elements. This is an exciting new area of scientific discovery. I am eager to read more about the benefits and possibilities that exist with this new biotech process. REFERENCES. â€Å"Candidiasis.† March 8, 2001. CDC. Medline Encyclopedia† May 2005. Medline Plus. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000964.htm Tortora G., Funke, B., Case, C,. Microbiology: An Introduction (11th edition), 2013 Pearson Education. Glenview, IL. â€Å"The Fourth NIAID Workshop in Medical Mycology: Responses to Fungi.† NIAI January 5, 2001. â€Å"What is Candida?† 2004. Ninazu Health Products Inc.

Differences Between Ww1 & Ww2

Compare & Contrast Most people would agree that all wars are terrible and have great affects on everyone in its path. Some believe that all wars are the same, each war ending with deaths, casualties and destruction. Now, two very important wars, World War One and World War Two easily did just that. Both of these wars involved multiple countries to fight in it. These two wars were extremely great in size compared to most other wars. Although World War One and World War Two were both worldwide wars they are very different in a war tactics and women’s roles.World War One and World War Two were known for using major war tactics. Trench Warfare was invented by the Germans and was later discovered to be one of the worst war tactics. It was a tactic where trenches were dug underground for soldiers to live in and wait for battle. Military troops fought to break through enemy lines by attacking the suicide chargers who ran into machine gun fire. Machine guns were new in this time and w ere becoming a popular war weapon. While World War two used the tactic of Blitzkrieg which was very different approach compared to trench warfare.Blitzkrieg was a war tactic that involved suddenly and quickly attacking the enemy on land as well as in the air. Leaving the enemy blindsided by the sudden attack. Both of theses great wars also had different takes on women’s roles. In World War One women began to take on roles primarily meant for men. Such as post women, bus conductors, farming and plenty more. Women were not only taking on roles meant for men but the overall employment rate increased for even traditional women’s jobs.In this period in time, women were beginning to gain more respect for showing that they could work at various jobs. While World War Two is much like World War One when it comes to women roles, it does however have a major difference. Women during World War Two began to not only take on more jobs but they more specifically began to take part in indirect war roles. Like manufacturing ammunition for the war and working jobs like women snipers, machine gunners, tank drivers and just about everything else that was needed for the military.Despite the fact that World War One and World War Two are both world wars, they were very different in war tactics and women’s roles. From These differences show that over the years not only does time change, but also the growth of technology which can influence war tactics and the growth of the women’s movement continued to expand. It’s great to see the difference between these two great wars because they easily show the amazing changes in social and military growth. If anything World War One and World War Two are nothing alike.

Luxury Goods Essays

Luxury Goods Essays Luxury Goods Essay Luxury Goods Essay Chapter 2: Literature Reappraisals 2.0 Definition of Luxury Goods The word ‘luxury can be defined as province of life in which has utilizations things that please the senses or delighting to hold but non indispensable. â€Å"A good attains the label as a â€Å"luxury† when it has a peculiar design, quality, public presentation or lastingness that is unusually superior to the comparable substitutes† ( Snapshot of U.S Luxury Good Market, 2007 ) . Dubois, Laurent and Czellar ( 2001 ) and Survanasuddhi ( 2007 ) stated a definition of the nature and features of the construct of luxury. The six aspects are first-class quality, really high monetary value, scarceness and singularity, aesthetics and polysensuality, hereditary heritage and personal history and superfluousness. Luxury goods are lifting in popularity particularly as consumers purchasing behaviour is going more symbolized. Consumers feel that by having luxury merchandises can show their personality and put them apart. Thus, â€Å"luxury goods have been defined as goods for which the mere usage or show of a peculiar branded merchandise brings prestigiousness on the proprietor, apart from any functional utility† ( Nia and Zaikowsky,2000 ) The term ‘prestige was defined as it consists of consumers motives for trailing proficient high quality, uniqueness, signaling wealth and position good as aesthetics appeal ( Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ) . ‘Prestige and ‘luxury are used synonymously in the VIgneron and Johnson s research. Vigneron and Johnson ( 1999 ) categorized three types of prestigiousness trade name as upmarket trade names, premium trade names and luxury trade names, severally in an increasing order of prestigiousness. Hence, it was expected that people would hold different perceptual experiences of the degree of prestigiousness for the same trade names, and that the overall prestige degree of a trade name would see the prestigiousness perceptual experiences from different people. Beginning: Vigneron and Johnson ( 1999 ) â€Å"Luxury trade names can be described as premium priced trade names that consumers purchase for their psychological values ( symbolic and hedonistic ) , and non predominately for their economical and functional value† ( Nueno and Quelch 1998 ; Stegeman, 2006 ) . However, the definition of luxury goods or trade names can non be to the full recognized. The definition of luxury will be different and may non be the same for another research worker. Chadha A ; Husband ( 2006 ) definition bounds itself in that it merely pertains to luxury manner goods alternatively there are other luxury goods that are besides both universally available and accepted as luxury. The definition of luxury trade names have been defined as stylish and high quality consumers goods made by reputed luxury trade names which contained wearable manner goods such as pocketbook, billfold, places and belt ( Chadha and Husband, 2006 ; Heinemann, 2008 ) . Manner can be contemplation of the societal, economic, political and artistic forces of the clip. Accoding to Gao, Norton, Zhang, To ( 2009 ) , â€Å"luxury manner goods are apparel, accoutrements, pocketbooks, places, tickers, jewelry, and aroma for which usage or show of peculiar branded merchandises brings prestigiousness to proprietors, apart from any functional utility† . Snapshot of U.S Luxury Good Market ( 2007 ) stated manner group represent the major merchandise sector in the luxury goods market. It is of import to cognize that the study showed that â€Å"one sixth ( 16 % ) of the universe s consumers claim to purchase interior decorator brands† ( ACNielsen, 2008 ) . For this research, the term luxury goods can be defined as the trade names that are defined as epicurean in the one-year â€Å"Consumer and Designer Brand Report 2008† by the planetary Nielson house which the study is the largest and it identified the undermentioned goods as the luxury manner goods. Calvin Klien Giorgio Armani Celine Ralph Lauren Louis Vuitton Ferragamo Diesel Burberry Chloe Chanel Versace Marc Jacobs Christian Dior Prada Gucci Givenchy DKNY Emporio Armani Valentino Hermes Fendi Yves Saint Lauren Max Mara The manner goods that show above are non the lone goods that are stated as luxury in this research. Consumers allow to measure and include other trade names which they think is luxury manner goods for them. Furthermore, there are many sentiments and positions of luxury from different leaders point of view stated in KPMG research ( Pull offing Luxury Brand Growth, 2006 ) . Luxury is explained in the tabular array below as followers: Leaderships Name and Company Definition 1. Guy Salter * Private Investor, Deputy Chairman of Walpole, the British Luxury goods organisation Because luxury affairs in a manner that did nt affair before. Increasingly, luxury is large concern: the luxury section is turning and harmonizing to most projections it will go on to turn for the following 10 to fifteen old ages. 2. Belinda Earl, * Jaeger Group s main executive * Jaeger is a luxury British trade name renowned for planing fashionable, advanced and brilliant quality womenswear, menswear and accoutrements. None of us are in the concern merchandising necessities ; luxury is the concern of making and fulfilling desires. 3. Richard Purdey of gun shapers James Purdey and Sons * Celebrated British gun shaper of London, and the name is synonymous with the really finest featuring scatterguns and rifles. Purdeys hold or have held legion warrants of assignment as gun and rifle shapers to the British and other European royal households. A existent luxury trade names has got to hold entire unity. It has to be the purchaser that says ‘this is luxury . 4. Theo Fennell * Theo Fennell is the jewelry shaper by utilizing his name for his company ‘Theo Fennel in London Luxury is something that everyone wants and cipher demands. 5. Joseph Wan of Harvey Nichols * CEO of retail merchant Harvey Nichols * Harvey Nichols is an international luxury life style shop, renowned both in the UK and internationally for the comprehensiveness and deepness of its sole manner ware. It offers many of the universe s most esteemed trade names in womenswear, menswear, accoutrements, beauty, nutrient and place. Luxury is about history. A luxury trade name is a lifestyle construct and to be sustainable it has to hold history, including a history of quality ware and of existent luxury customers.. 6. Raphael le Masne de Chermont, of Shanghai Tang * Executive Chair of Shanghai Tang * Shanghai Tang is the first luxury trade name emerging design from Chiana It is non in the monetary value, it is in the pleasance you give to the client. It is to make with creativeness, a harmonious aesthetic with attending to inside informations. 7.Christian Hafner * Head of Branding at Swarovski Luxury is about history, genuineness, deepness and being a spouse. Buying a luxury merchandise is like a love matter. 2.1 Generation Y Generation Y are besides referred as the Millennial Generation or Generation Next or Net Generation describes the demographic cohort following Generation X. Its members are frequently referred to as Millennials or Echo Boomers. Harmonizing to Shareef Mahdavi ( 2008 ) , Generation Y is the term used to depict kids of the Baby Boomer coevals, typically born between 1977 and 1995. McCrindle ( 2008 ) described the coevals Y born in between 1980 and 1994. They are besides referred to as ‘Millenials and ‘Echo Boomers in the western society, particularly American Society. Generation Y are persons who born between 1977 to 1994 that have a free disbursement spirit and consist of 71 million 8 to 25 twelvemonth olds ( Horovitz, 2002 ; Sriviroj 2007 ) . The wealthiest groups of people are between the ages of 19 to 25 twelvemonth olds who are either employed in full clip occupations or portion clip work even though there are group sum of coevals Y consumers. The greatest buying power in the Generation Y college pupil takes topographic point within the parttime pupil, who spends over $ 400 monthly on discretional purchases while frequently keeping full-time employment ( Gardyn, 2002 ) . Those who are either portion clip or at full clip work are college pupils ( Martin A ; Turley, 2004 ) . Students ever work as portion clip work to happen excess support for their inordinate disbursement during the university holidays or interruptions. There are mean 80 % of pupils go toing college or university are employed ( Martin A ; Turley, 2004 ) . The fiscal cognition of the mean Generation Y consumer besides earns them the consciousness and regard of sellers even though their disbursement power entirely is adequate ground to pay important attending to this group of consumers. The fiscal cognition of the mean Generation Y consumer besides earns them the regard of sellers today. Generation Y consumers have a singular sum of disposable income due to the increasing of greater degree in the economic system over the past decennary ( Martin A ; Turley, 2004 ) . Besides that, the research suggested that â€Å"Generation Y has more discretional income than the old coevalss and prefer to pass it on themselves instead than others. A ground for this may be because they are get downing households later in life and therefore are able to pass their income on themselves without holding to worry about others† ( Angela Hughes, 2008 ) The of import of this group of consumers has taken on the greater degree of intending for seller. â€Å"While the Baby Boomers grew up with telecasting advertisement act uponing how they were marketed to and how they bought merchandises, Generation Y has many different mediums that they grew up with, which is what makes selling to them so much more difficult† ( Angela Hughes, 2008 ) . Sellers are playing the big portion influence consumers behavior through the cognition of manner. The ground is that adolescents are concerned about manner value more than any other age groups ( Koester and May,1985 ; Sriviroj 2007 ) . One of the most influencers is the media because of media consist of a broad scope of engineering such as telecasting, cyberspace, nomadic phone and DVD. ( Angela Hughes, 2008, Sriviroj 2007 ) . The cyberspace has for good changed the manner that this coevals stores by giving the information about merchandises than the companies give the consumer. Harmonizing to A ngela Hughes ( 2008 ) , he cyberspace is besides a powerful tool for this coevals in distributing sentiments about merchandises to their equals. The largest differences between Generation Y and those that preceded them are Generation Y s enormous consciousness and assurance. Generation Y is more likely than any old coevals to look up information before buying a merchandise. Generation Y is more desirable to have the merchandises that they know their equals will accept merely to demo they are portion of the group. On the other manus, in the research of Sriviroj ( 2007 ) stated that telecasting is strongly influence these coevals which affect them as they will reflect their perceptual experiences in â€Å"reality† as they have seen in telecasting universe. â€Å"Of the paid advertisement channels of online, outdoor, newspaper, magazine, wireless, Television and Theatrical, Television and newspaper are the most sure media† ( Nielsen Global Online Consumer Survey, 2009 ) . â€Å"Generation Y is poised to take over as the largest and most moneymaking consumer group for sellers, a place that has long been held by the Baby Boomer generation† ( Angela Hughes, 2008 ) . In order to understand the coevals Y consumers, it is of import to believe about factors that motivate these persons towards the buying of luxury goods. 2.2 Social Influence Previous research shows that group influences play an of import function in act uponing the purchase determinations ( Brinberg and Plimpton, 1986 ; Martin and Bush 2000 ; Mascareches and Higby, 1993 ) . The group members have been recognized as determiner of behaviour. The fact that the people act in conformity with a frame of mention produced by the group to which they belong is a long recognized and sound premiss ( Merton and Rossi, 1949 ) . However, many persons did non act like the bulk of people in their recognized group ( e.g. , societal category or educational degree ) .The insouciant observation showed confusing contradictions between group rank and behaviours. Harmonizing to Merton and Rossi ( 1994 ) , â€Å"a partial solution was found in the construct of â€Å"reference group† , which recognizes that people often orient themselves to other than rank group in determining their behaviours and ratings and that mention groups can execute a diverseness of functions.â₠¬  Mention groups are by and large defined as â€Å"actual or fanciful establishments, persons, or groups conceived of holding important relevancy upon an individual?s ratings, aspirations, or behavior† ( Lessig and Park, 1975 ; Pertina, Prybutok, Zhang, 2008 ) . Besides that, mention group besides can be defined as â€Å"a group of people that significantly influence an person s behavior† ( Bearden and Etzel, 1982 ) . Reference group are of import because they make the person aware to a specific goods or trade names and influence persons to follow attitude and behavior that are consistent with the norm of the group. The normative and enlightening societal influences are the most widely recognized influence. Normative societal influence is based on the inclination to conform to the outlook of others while informational influence is based on the desire to do informed determinations and optimise the pick ( Stephen Yang and He, 2009 ; Khan and Khan, 2005 ) . Berden and Etzel ( 1982 ) examined that the mention group influence by merchandise and the trade name purchase determination. Previous research studied group influences in selling scheme and consumer s buying behavior. Specifically, three types of group influences are studied which is information, useful and value expressive influences ( Stephen Yang and He ; Bearden and Etzel, 1982 ; Makgosa and Mohube, 2007 ; Pertina, Prybutok, Zhang, 2008 ) . Informational influence is reflected when an single perceives sweetening of cognition and ability to get by with environment when utilizing information from sentiment leaders, experts, or merchandise use rs. Utilitarian influence manifests through the procedure of conformity with those who can exert wages or penalty power. Value-expressive mention group map is based on the designation procedure whereas an person who associates oneself with a group to heighten self-concept adopts this group s ingestion forms. Mention groups have been found to stipulate what the desirable and unwanted goods are ( Bristol and Malengburg, 2005 ; Khan and Khan, 2005 ) . Many research workers have argued that persons are more susceptible to cite groups influence when the goods is conspicuous and publically consumed ( Bearden and Etzel, 1982 ; Makgosa and Mohube, 2007 ; Batra, Homer, Kahle, 2009 ; Morris and White, 2009 ) . The influence of a mention group on consumer behaviour can be done in one of two ways, either straight or indirectly. In the research Stephen Yang and He ( 2009 ) , mention groups refer the group that person has frequent contact with ( such as household members, work associates, schoolmates, friends, etc. ) . These group is refers to the groups used by an person to direct one buying behaviors in peculiar state of affairs. These are by and large referred as direct mention group ( Schiffman and Kanuk, 1994 ) . On the other manus, it included â€Å"the groups that does non hold the rank in or direct contact with, such as certain expected groups or people in a certain societal degree ( Stephen Yang and He, 2009 ) . Based on the work of Khan and Khan ( 2005 ) , the direct mention group influence was illustrated as â€Å"families, friends, colleague, formal societal groups and other leisure groups† . This differs from the indirect mention groups comprise of â€Å"individuals and groups that influence consumers purchase purposes without holding and direct contact such as famous persons and athletics personalities† ( Khan and Khan, 2005 ) . 2.2.1 Direct Mention Groups Direct mention groups can be defined as direct contact from the person or groups with the consumers. With the mention from †¦.. , it showed that households, friends, colleague, formal societal groups and other leisure groups are under this classs. A individual has several mention groups for assorted topics or different determinations usually. For illustration, â€Å"a adult female may confer with one mention group when she is buying a auto and a different mention group for lingerie† ( Consumer Behaviour, no day of the month ) .These direct mention groups are the 1 who often contact with the consumers, It can be seen that the groups positions from direct mention groups whether purchase the goods in order to be like group members, believing in group members determinations or a mark of desiring to suit in the group. The old research workers have carried out the probes on how the function theoretical accounts ( parents, relations, equals ) influence adolescents purchase purposes and behaviour ( Martin and Bush ; Subramanian and Subramanian, 1995 ) ) and how parents and equals influence assorted merchandises and trade names purchase determinations ( Bearden and Etzel, 1982 ) . Researcher has shown that open household communicating can and frequently does act upon younger consumers attitudes toward purchases and their ingestion forms ( Martin and Bush ) . Consumers ever do non experience confident plenty to measure entirely. They will confer with a friend or spouse by ask foring them along to a possible purchase can heighten the procedure. â€Å"Having a equal nowadays meant that store assistants become mostly irrelevant and that rating of a trade name centered mostly on initial equal reaction to suit, manner and price-based decisions† ( Guy W.Mullarkey, 2001 ) . â€Å"It is besides interesting to observe that of all the three direct mention groups, friends tend to exercise the greatest influence where persons buy trade names because they identify themselves with their peers† ( Khan and Khan, 2005 ) . From the legion researches that have been done, direct mention groups influence make an immediate impact to the consumers. Therefore, it can be concluded that direct mention groups play a important function in supplying relevant information, deemed necessary to do a purchase and conform the group norm. 2.2.2 Indirect Reference Groups Indirect mention groups is the group that influence consumers purchase determinations without holding any direct contact with the consumers such as famous persons and athletics personalities. Khan and Khan ( 2005 ) defined famous persons as â€Å"individuals who are good known to the populace for their advertizements in countries other than merchandise category endorsed† and that they represent â€Å"an idealization of life† . In luxury goods industry, it will be much easier by linking the trade name to a famous person and is even viewed, in some cases, as a necessity. This is because a luxury goods company is in the concern of edifice and merchandising dreams, and nil is more helpful in doing such dreams concrete and therefore more credible in the eyes of the consumer, than pass oning it through a celebrated personality. Celebrities are being progressively used in marketing communicating by sellers to impart personality to their merchandises in India ( Matrade Chennai, 2005 ) . Young consumers particularly the generation-Y like advertizement more if they are attracted or look up to the famous persons. Positive feelings toward the famous persons and the trade name itself will develop more from the immature consumers. â€Å"Research indicates that famous person indorsements can ensue in more favourable advertisement evaluations and merchandise ratings and can hold a significant positive impact on fiscal returns for the companies that use them† ( Silvera and Austad, 2004 ) . Besides that, old research indicates that famous persons exert influence on consumers purchase purposes and determinations ( Martin and Bush, 2000 ) . â€Å"Celebrities have besides been found to heighten strength of messages and lead to existent purchases† ( Khan and Khan, 2005 ) . For illustration, Madonna and Demi Moore for Versace- beautiful, successful, mature adult females in their 40s, transgressive, independent, non-conformist, sexy, etc. ( Roncaglia and Brevetti, 200 6 ) . In decision, even there is no direct contact with consumers ; indirect mention groups have the strong influence to the generation-Y which affects their trade name picks toward the luxury goods. 2.3 Perceived Conspicuous Value Vigneron and Johnson ( 1999 ) defined five values of prestige behavior combined with five relevant motives, and from these identified five different classs of prestigiousness consumers. Harmonizing to his survey, peculiarly emphasized the function of interpersonal effects on the ingestion of prestigiousness trade names, and derived three chief effects: Veblen, Snob, and Bandwagon. â€Å"The Veblen, prig and bandwagon effects are apparent with consumers who perceive monetary value as the most of import factor, with a higher monetary value bespeaking greater prestigiousness. They normally buy rare merchandises and in this manner underscore their status† ( ( Husic and Cicic, 2008 ) . In add-on, the survey besides conducted by Vigneron A ; Johnson ( 1999 ) included the conceptualized model on two chief personal effects: Hedonist and Perfectionist. â€Å"Hedonists and perfectionists are more interested in pleasance derived from the usage of luxury merchandises, and less interested in the monetary value than quality, merchandise features and public presentation. These consumers know what they want and use their ain judgement while monetary value exists merely as cogent evidence of quality† ( Husic and Cicic, 2008 ) . Perceived conspicuous value which known as Veblen consequence is the ingestion of the luxury merchandise is viewed as a signal of position and wealth, whose monetary value, expensive by normal criterions, enhances the value of such a signal. ( Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ) . Several research workers demonstrated that monetary value of merchandise have a important facet in consumers sentiment of quality ( Vigneron A ; Johnson, 1999 ) . The monetary value of the merchandise is use to judge quality of the luxury merchandises between different trade names. Luxury is an expensive investing. Therefore, a high monetary value has to be justified by an outstanding quality and aesthetics that mass produced goods ca nt vouch ( Barnier, Rodina, Florence, 2005 ) . For some consumers, high monetary value peers high quality ; hence, they are willing to pay more for high quality. â€Å"Brand exclusivity is the placement of a trade name such that it can command a high monetary value relation to similar products† ( Groth and McDaniel, 1993 ) . In add-on, it is suggested that â€Å"consumers who perceived monetary value as a placeholder for quality, besides perceived high monetary values as an index proposing a certain grade of prestige† ( Lichtenstein, Ridgway, and Netemeyer 1993 ) . This statement is farther supported in recommend the usage of prestige-pricing scheme by the selling literature when appealing to status-conscious consumers ( Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ; Luong Thi Bich Thuy, 2008 ) . Numerous research workers have conducted the original work from Bourne ( 1957 ) , which focused on the influence of mention groups on the ingestion of prestigiousness trade names ( Mason 1981 and 1992 ; Bearden and Etzel 1982, Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ) . They found that there was a positive relationship between conspicuous ingestion and mention groups. Surveies on mention group influence have shown that the â€Å"conspicuousness of a merchandise was positively related to its susceptibleness to cite group influence† ( Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ) . Additionally, Bearden and Etzel ( 1982 ) stated that luxury merchandises that were publically purchased are more conspicuous merchandises in comparing to merchandises that were in private consumed. The surveies besides suggested that the luxury merchandises may used to pass on information about their individuality. Veblen ( 1899 ) suggested that conspicuous ingestion was used by people to signal wealth and by illation power and position. The public-service corporation of the luxury merchandises may be to expose wealth and one could see that luxury trade names would rule the conspicuous section of the consumers. In decision, it can be concluded that conspicuous ingestion of luxury goods is used to expose wealth, power and position. It is playing important function that how single motivated into buying luxury goods. 2.4 Perceived Quality Value Within the field of selling, the concept of sensed quality has been widely acknowledged as the primary driver of purchase purpose ( Jacoby and Olson, 1985 ) . Harmonizing to Vigneron and Johnson ( 1999 ) , perceived quality value is defined as â€Å"luxury is partially derived from proficient high quality and the utmost attention that takes topographic point during the production process† . Therefore, Husic and Cicic ( 2008 ) stated perfectionism consequence or perceived quality as â€Å"perfectionist consumers depend on their ain perceptual experience of the merchandise s quality, and may utilize monetary value as farther grounds of quality† . â€Å"Excellent quality is a sine qua non and it is of import that the premium seller maintains and develops leading in quality† ( Quelch, 1987 ; Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ; Dubois, Laurent, Czellar, 2009 ; Barnier, Rodina, Florence, 2005 ; Srichan Sriviroj, 2007 ) . In a study conducted by ACNielsen ( 2008 ) , it was found that on a planetary norm, â€Å"28 % believe that are of significantly higher quality than standard brands† . Beginning: ACNielsen Report ( Consumer and Deisgner Brands ) , April 2008 Consumer might have prestige goods because they are likely to be of higher quality ( Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ) . A consumer who own a luxury manner goods is likely to anticipate that the goods length of service and lastingness ( Dubois, Laurent, Czellar, 2009 ; Barnier, Rodina, Florence, 2005 ; Srichan Sriviroj, 2007 ; Sarisa Suvarnasuddhi, 2007 ) comparison with mass merchandises. It should go better with clip and should non lose its entreaty ( Barnier, Rodina, Florence, 2005 ) . Harmonizing to the Nielsen study ( 2009 ) , designer trade names stand for manner and superior quality nevertheless in the developing markets of Latin America, Asia, South Africa and the UAE. A half of respondents in these states think these trade names are for manner followings, and up to 40 per centum believe they offer superior quality. Therefore, it is interesting that the greatest per centum of people who believe interior decorator trade names offer significantly higher quality over non interior decorator options hail from Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Turkey. Beginning: ACNielsen Report ( Consumer and Deisgner Brands ) , May 2006 Luxury and premium trade names are expected to demo quality and even greater quality every bit good ( Garfein, 1989 ; Roux, 1995 ; Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ; Srichan Sriviroj, 2007 ; Luong Thi Bich Thuy, 2008 ) . Groth and McDaniel ( 1993 ) stated that â€Å"high monetary values may even do certain merchandises or service more desirable† , because people take that merchandises with high monetary values with great quality ( Rao and Monroe, 1989 ) . In fact, luxury merchandises will lose their scarceness and uniqueness features if luxury merchandises are non priced high ( Dubois and Duquesne, 1993 ) . The surveies and literature on luxury merchandises suggested that the â€Å"quality cue might besides be used by consumers to measure the degree of prestigiousness of brands† ( Rao and Monroe, 1989 ; Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ; Luong Thi Bich Thuy, 2008 ) . A low degree of quality would play a negative function over the perceptual experience of the trade name. In contrast , the individual s quality perceptual experience would play a positive function over his or her perceptual experience of prestigiousness on the same trade name if the purchaser or the consumer perceives the trade name as holding an first-class degree of quality. ( Vigneron and Johnson, 1999 ; Luong Thi Bich Thuy, 2008 ) Harmonizing to Vigneron and Johnson ( 1999 ) , it stated that the perfectionist consequence exists when consumers purchase luxury points and expects superior merchandises and public presentation every bit good as quality. Peoples who represent the perfectionist consequence are those â€Å"who are assessed to personal values and justice a merchandise harmonizing to their value of a luxury trade name product† ( Srichan Sriviroj, 2007 ; Luong Thi Bich Thuy, 2008 ) such as comfort and velocity for luxury auto or truth of the luxury ticker. Even old researches showed that conspicuous valley is more of import consequence and evident with consumers who perceive monetary value is the most of import factor. However, there were research workers stated that quality value is besides of import such as Jacoby and Olson ( 1983 ) . In decision, perceived quality value were found of import to analyze and can be use to place the luxury ingestion. 2.5 Brand Image Brand is a name, term, design, symbol, or any other characteristic that identifies one marketer s good or service as distinguishable from those of other Sellerss ( www.marketingpower.com ; Iyiade Adedamola Taofik, 2009 ; Suvarnasuddhi, 2007 ) . In the research of Korchia ( 1999 ) , â€Å"image creates value in a assortment of ways, assisting consumers to treat information, distinguishing the trade name, bring forthing grounds to purchase, giving positive feelings, and supplying a footing for extensions† . Cheng ( 2006 ) stated that trade name is of import because the consumers perceptual experience of a merchandise can be affected by the added value of a trade name. â€Å"Brands signal to consumers the quality of a merchandise, the image that it is meant to convey, every bit good as stand foring peculiar current garment manners and tendencies in a manner context† ( Keller, 1993 ; Guy W.Mullarkey, 2001 ) . Brand image can be defines as â€Å"perceptions about a trade name as reflected by the trade name associations held in consumer memory† ( Keller, 1993 ; Cheng, 2006 ; Rio, Varques, Iglesias, 2001 ) . Many research workers have been agreed the of import of trade name image. Brand image is polar because it influences purchase purpose and consumers penchant every bit good as they are willing to urge to others and willing to pay higher monetary value ( Forsythe, Kwon, P.Leone, Shannon, 2008 ; Aiello, Donvito, Godey, Pederzoli, Wiedmann, Hennigs, Siebels ) â€Å"To win in the altering market place, a interior decorator trade name needs to sell its nucleus trade name values ; the â€Å"image† reflected in the design and the life style it represents is what consumers pay a premium to purchase into† remarked byKaren Watson, Chief Communications Officer, The Nielsen Company. Consumers able to difference the merchandise distinction, diminish the purchase hazards, obtain several experience and acknowledge the merchandise and its quality through trade name image ( Lin and Lin, 2007 ) . â€Å"The personal designation map is related to the fact that consumers can place themselves with some trade names and develop feelings of affinity towards them† ( Rio, Varques, Iglesias, 2001 ) . It refers to correspondence between consumers behavior, self image and image of the merchandise. Through the image of the merchandises the consumers buy and use, his or her self image can be better based on the theory. It besides can be inferred that â€Å"individuals prefer trade names that have images compatible with their perceptual experiences of self† ( Chiu, Lin, Chiu, Chang ) . In add-on, a positive trade name image able to take down the merchandises purchase hazards and increase the positive feedback from consumers. â€Å"Consumers are more likely to buy goo d known trade name merchandises with positive trade name image as a manner to take down purchase risks† ( Akaah and Korgaonkar, 1988 ; Aiello, Donvito, Godey, Pederzoli, Wiedmann, Hennigs, Siebels ) . Hence, consumers feel it is less hazardous by buying branded merchandises. â€Å"The state of beginning of a trade name is besides an influential factor for consumers taking a merchandise in both Asia and in Western countries† ( Pervin ) . There are many researches suggested the state of origin influence on consumer perceptual experience and behavior through the image of the merchandise s state of beginning ( Phau and Leng, 2008 ; Forsythe, Kwon, P.Leone, Shannon, 2008 ; Aiello, Donvito, Godey, Pederzoli, Wiedmann, Hennigs, Siebels ) . It creates positive trade name image to increase the possibility for the merchandises to be chosen and besides raise the inferior image of the state of beginning ( Thakor and Katsanis ; 1997 Lin and Lin, 2007 ) . Harmonizing to Grewal, Krishnan, Baker, and Borin ( 1998 ) , the better a trade name image is, the more acknowledgment consumers give to its merchandise quality. In drumhead, it ca nt be denied that trade name image plays a pivotal in determining consumers perceptual experience of a trade name. Therefore, it can be conclude that trade name image is important to the consumers purchase determination. 2.6 Aestheticss â€Å"An aesthetic object is defined as an object produces a centripetal response in an audience such as satisfaction, pleasance or affect† ( Fine, 1992 ; Eisenman, 2009 ) . The researches from Barnier, Rodina, Florence ( 2009 ) shows that the aesthetics are primary importance because the dimension coloring material, design and beauty create by manner. The aesthetics dimensions of goods are anticipated but besides presented every bit good as from the people who consume these goods ( Dubois, Laurent, Czellar, 2001 ) . Harmonizing to Eisenman ( 2009 ) , aesthetics of the merchandises are increasing in of import competitory dimension from the outstanding houses who appear to be giving aesthetics. The consumers are attracted by the coloring material, originality of its design and manner at the first topographic point. Harmonizing to Barnier, Rodina, Florence ( 2009 ) , the beauty and originality of the merchandises can be show by the combination of the coloring material and the stuff which are playing the of import functions of design and manner. Beauty of the merchandise is truly of import because it motivates and encourages to touch and experience the merchandises. Luxury can heighten the ego construct of single consumer ( Suvarnasuddhi, 2007 ; Dubois, Laurent, Czellar, 2001 ) . Luxury trade names build up to go a portion of the ego in footings of individuality where ownerships influence their peculiarity onto the single and frailty versa. By asseverating that an object is ‘mine , it is demoing ownership and connexion that the object is a contemplation of the individual ( Suvarnasuddhi, 2007 ) . â€Å"Because an object is identified as luxury, consumers expect a superior good and experience to come out of it, gravitating the consumer into another degree of ingestion unique merely to luxury brands† ( Suvarnasuddhi, 2007 ) . The luxury is a beginning of animal pleasance where the consumers able to have a pleasurable of excellence and polish. It is non merely about the quality but it besides pleasant odor, touch, gustatory sensation or hear. Hence, the ingestion of luxury as hedonistic experience allows the consumer to touch all the senses ( Dubois, Laurent, Czellar, 2001 ; Barnier, Rodina, Florence, 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Sriviroj ( 2007 ) , the young person significantly represent the hedonic consequence in their attitude towards luxury points which further show that group norms are non able to act upon the young person. On the impudent side, they can accomplish self fulfillment by having luxury goods. â€Å"They expression for sole benefits and if merchandises creat e an emotional value for consumers it represents that the merchandise has been beneficial† ( Sriviroj, 2007 ) . The emotional value that the young person expression for include pleasance, exhilaration and aesthetic beauty. In decision, it was found that aesthetics was found to be importance to the survey. It effects the purchase determination of coevals Y on luxury manner. 2.7 Chapter Summary Chapter 2 with respects to literature reappraisal is in kernel a reappraisal on the findings and consequences of past research workers. An appraisal of all the subjects of involvement is provided with an debut to all the factors that have an influence over a consumer s purchase of luxury goods. Chapter 2 started by supplying an thought of the planetary luxury goods market followed by the first factor or variable of involvement, which is the societal influence by direct and indirect mention groups, followed by a elaborate treatment on the other factors, such as the perceived conspicuous and sensed quality value on purchase determinations. Next, trade name image was discussed. Last, the issue of aesthetics and its influence on the purchase of luxury goods was besides discussed.

Explanation of Indirect Objects for ESL Learners

Explanation of Indirect Objects for ESL Learners Indirect objects are persons or things who receive the benefits of an action. In other words, when somebody does something for someone or something the person or thing it is done for is the indirect object. For example: Tom gave me the book.Melissa bought Tim some chocolate. In the first sentence, the direct object book was given to me, the indirect object. In other words, I received the benefit. In the second sentence, Tim received the direct object chocolate. Notice that the indirect object is placed before the direct object. Indirect Objects Answer Questions Indirect objects answer the questions to whom, to what, for whom or for what. For example: Susan offered Fred some good advice. To whom was advice (direct object in a sentence) offered? - Fred (indirect object) The teacher teaches the students science in the morning. For whom is science (direct object in a sentence) taught? - the students (indirect object) Nouns as Indirect Objects Indirect objects can be nouns (things, objects, people, etc.). Generally, however, indirect objects are usually people or groups of people. This is because indirect objects (people) receive the benefit of some action. For example: I read Peter the report. Peter is the indirect object and the report (what I read) is the direct object. Mary showed Alice her house. Alice is the indirect object and the house (what she showed) is the direct object. Pronouns as Indirect Objects Pronouns can be used as indirect objects. Its important to note that pronouns used as indirect objects must take the object pronoun form. Object pronouns include me, you, him, her, it, us, you, and them. For example: Greg told me the story. Me is the indirect object and the story (what Greg told) is the direct object. The boss lent them the start-up investment. Them is the indirect object and the start-up investment (what the boss lent) is the direct object. Noun Phrases as Indirect Objects Noun phrases (a descriptive phrase ending in a noun: a beautiful vase, an interested, wise, old professor) can also be used as indirect objects. For example: The composer wrote the dedicated, poor singers a song to perform. the dedicated, poor singers are the indirect object (noun phrase form), while a song (what the composer wrote) is the direct object. Relative Clauses as Indirect Objects Relative clauses which define an object can also function as indirect objects. For example: Peter promised the man, who had been waiting for an hour, the next tour of the building. In this case, the man is defined by the relative clause who had been waiting for an hour both of these make up the indirect object. The next tour of the building (what Peter promises) is the direct object.